India is truly a land of ironies. When I was growing up, India was admired for its robust, liberal democracy but pitied for its socialist, illiberal economy. Today, it is a dynamic, liberal economy but its democracy is slipping, turning illiberal. This is happening, paradoxically, when India’s stature has risen in the world and it is considered a democratic bulwark against autocratic China. What does this reversal mean for the country’s future, and, indeed, of liberalism’s future in India?